Solar-assisted CO₂ heat pump achieves 18.7% COP increase as irradiance rises

Researchers in Italy tested a 10 kW dual-source heat pump using CO₂ as refrigerant, with air or photovoltaic-thermal collectors as heat sources. Reported results show solar operation improved heating performance under favorable irradiance, with COP increasing 18.7% as irradiance rose, and an optimized source-switching strategy delivered modest annual electricity savings.

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